Arranged by :
group 4A
1. Nurul Puspita sari (13441073)
2. Windi Antika (13441084)
3. Yusnaini Khairunnisa (13441087)
4. Yusniar (13441078)
Study program: Information Systems
Comparative
Study of MANET and VANET
Routing
Protocols
Abstract— A
Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is a type of Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET)
that is used to provide communications between nearby vehicles, and between
vehicles and fixed infrastructure on the roadside. Though VANET is a type of
MANET but the routing protocols of MANET are not feasible with VANET and if
they are even feasible then they are not able to provide the optimum throughput
required for a fast changing vehicular ad-hoc network. The difference between
VANET and MANET is that in VANET, the nodes are moving on predefined roads, and
their trails aren’t too complicated and this is where the routing protocols
have to be modified or changed. The differences in the architecture and characteristics
have been studied in this paper to suggest the best out of the existing routing
protocols. This paper presents the various protocols optimized for both the
MANET and VANET. A protocol is analyzed from the existing reactive protocols
which will be efficient for both the MANET and VANET.
Keywords—
Mobile Ad hoc network (MANET), Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET), Proactive,
Reactive, Mobility.
I. INTRODUCTION
A mobile ad hoc network is a
collection of two or more nodes equipped with wireless communications and networking
capabilities without central network control, which may be referred to as an
infrastructure-less mobile network. Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs)
represent a rapidly emerging, particularly challenging class of Mobile Ad Hoc
Networks (MANETs). VANETs are distributed, self organizing communication
networks built up by moving vehicles, and are thus characterized by a very high
node mobility and limited degrees of freedom in the mobility patterns. We have
a number of ad hoc routing protocols [3, 10, 12] for MANETs but when we have to
deal with a VANET then we require ad hoc routing protocols that must adapt
continuously to the unreliable conditions. Why MANET Protocols Not Feasible
in VANETs: Analysis of traditional routing protocols for mobile Ad-hoc networks
(MANETs) demonstrated that their performance is poor in VANETs [16]. The main
problem with these protocols in VANETs environments is their route instability.
The traditional node-centric view of the routes (i.e., an
Established route is a fixed succession of nodes between
the source and destination) leads to frequent broken routes in the presence of
VANETs’ high mobility [20], as illustrated in figure below. Consequently, many
packets are dropped and the overhead due to route repairs or failure
notifications increases significantly, leading to low delivery ratios and high
transmission delays.
1. Mobile
Ad Hoc Network (MANET)
MANET is a network consisting of
multiple nodes are mobile, where mobile nodes can communicate without using the
communication lines are permanent, or temporary (ad-hoc). In contrast to other
wireless networks, MANET does not require network infrastructure and has a
topology change at any time. Therefore, MANET has the ability to configure the
network independently.
MANET has nodes that are mobile
which can move in any direction to perform communication. Nodes in the network
also serves as a router that is able to forward the message to be delivered to
the recipient. Each node on the network MANET should be able to determine the
best route for forwarding packets of information and send it as a failure if no
service interruption, then the node fix the route.
2.MANET(INFRASTRUCTURE
LESS(ADHOC)) ARCHITECTURE AND CHARACTERISTICS
In ad-hoc networks
all nodes are mobile and can be connected dynamically in an arbitrary manner.
As the range of each host’s wireless transmission is limited, so a host needs
to enlist the aid of its nearby hosts in forwarding packets to the destination
if it wants to communicate with hosts outside its transmission range. So all
nodes of these networks behave as routers and take part in route discovery and
maintenance of routes to other nodes in the network. The ad-hoc routing
protocols can be divided into two categories.
Table-Driven Routing Protocols: In table driven routing protocols,
consistent and up-to-date routing information to all nodes is maintained at
each node.
On-Demand Routing Protocols: In On-Demand routing protocols,
the routes are created as and when required. When a source wants to send to a
destination, it invokes the route discovery mechanisms to find the path to the
destination.
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